min Efit(w) + μ/2 ‖Cw‖²
Easy to edit and continue in μ. Finite μ reduces circulation but does not impose exact integrability.
vertex fields · integrable projection · research-ready experiments
min Efit(w) + μ/2 ‖Cw‖²
Easy to edit and continue in μ. Finite μ reduces circulation but does not impose exact integrability.
min ½‖δ‖²M s.t. C(w+δ)=0
The answer depends on the field representation, mass matrix, boundary conditions, and global periods.
min Σ wij|ψj−eiωijψi|² s.t. ‖ψ‖M=1
Turns field directions and spacing into a periodic phase. Amplitude or an explicit scale field can yield near incompatibilities, exposing stripe branch points.
min Efit + μ/2‖Cw‖² + ν/2Σ(‖wi‖²−1)²
Finite curl and unit penalties expose the compromise before either condition is promoted to a hard constraint.
The highlighted card names the current lesson. Each family changes a distinct modeling choice: variables, metric, constraints, or regularization.
A grid with width n has 2n² position DOFs. Each spring touches only four scalar DOFs, so row width stays bounded: sparse nnz grows with the mesh, while dense storage grows with the square of the DOF count.