← Direction Field Lab
ANNOTATED SOURCE TRAILReading map
Student setup →

PAPER ↔ OPERATOR ↔ EXPERIMENT

Follow the idea
back to its source.

This is a selective reading path, not an exhaustive bibliography. Each work earns its place by defining an operator used in the lab, comparing a representation choice, or showing where the student experiment can grow.

01 · ALGEBRAIC SPINE

Discrete exterior calculus and Hodge decomposition

Read these when an incidence matrix, Hodge star, adjoint, boundary condition, or harmonic component feels like a convention rather than a mathematical choice.

COURSE NOTES · 2013Crane, de Goes, Desbrun & Schröder

Digital Geometry Processing with Discrete Exterior Calculus

The canonical computational path from cochains and incidence matrices through metric Hodge stars and geometry-processing algorithms.

COURSE NOTES · 2016de Goes, Desbrun & Tong

Vector Field Processing on Triangle Meshes

A representation-aware account of face-, edge-, and vertex-based fields, with their differential operators and Hodge decompositions.

02 · TANGENT DATA

Representations, connections, and field design

These works separate where a field is stored from how vectors in different tangent planes are compared.

CGF · 2010Crane, Desbrun & Schröder

Trivial Connections on Discrete Surfaces

Builds smooth discrete connections with controlled singularities—the intrinsic reference behind connection-based field comparison.

ACM TOG · 2013Knöppel, Crane, Pinkall & Schröder

Globally Optimal Direction Fields

Turns smooth direction-field design and singularity placement into a sparse global eigenproblem.

REFERENCE LIBRARYVaxman et al.

Directional tutorial

A practical taxonomy and C++ implementation of tangent bundles, symmetries, representations, matching, and field processing.

03 · PROJECTION CHOICES

Integrability is not one operator

Closest exact fields, curl penalties, hard constraints, unit-length fields, and parameterization-aligned fields solve related but different problems.

ACM TOG · 2015Diamanti, Vaxman, Panozzo & Sorkine-Hornung

Integrable PolyVector Fields

Optimizes tangent fields that both respect design constraints and correspond exactly to local parameterization gradients.

ACM TOG · 2016Liu, Tong, de Goes & Desbrun

Discrete Connection and Covariant Derivative

Develops a principled discrete connection for analysis and design, clarifying what it means to differentiate vertex-based tangent vectors.

04 · PERIODIC REALIZATION

From direction fields to stripe patterns

The lab’s complex phase is a compact teaching model of this lineage. The important leap is from a local direction to a globally continuous periodic function.

ACM TOG · 2015Knöppel, Crane, Pinkall & Schröder

Stripe Patterns on Surfaces

Introduces globally continuous, equally spaced surface stripes as the smallest eigenvector of a sparse connection energy.

ACM TOG · 2019Vekhter, Zhuo, Gil Fandino, Huang & Vouga

Weaving Geodesic Foliations

Separates designing an approximately geodesic unit field from integrating it into a periodic foliation, including relaxed global integrability.

ACM TOG · 2023Montes Maestre et al.

Differentiable Stripe Patterns for Inverse Design

Extends stripe patterns into an end-to-end differentiable design space and addresses non-uniqueness in the original formulation.

05 · RESEARCH IMPLEMENTATION

Sparse derivatives without hand-written Hessians

The browser exposes the local-element idea; these systems show two routes into larger compiled research code.

CGF · 2022Schmidt, Born, Bommes, Campen & Kobbelt

TinyAD: Automatic Differentiation in Geometry Processing Made Simple

Differentiates small mesh elements through second order and assembles their sparse global gradient and Hessian.

COMPILER ADMoses, Churavy et al.

Enzyme

Differentiates optimized LLVM IR across several source languages—a complementary path when research code should remain ordinary compiled code.

06 · DESTINATION + MEDIUM

Surface flow and explorable explanations

One branch supplies the physical destination; the other asks how a computational argument can remain inspectable and editable.

SCA · 2007Wang, Miller & Turk

Solving General Shallow Wave Equations on Surfaces

A canonical graphics treatment of shallow water directly on curved surfaces without requiring a global parameterization.

ESSAY · 2011/2024Bret Victor

Explorable Explanations

The design north star: claims backed by computational models whose assumptions and calculations remain visible and editable.

BROWSER COURSEGeometry Collective

Geometry Processing in JavaScript

Direct precedents for teaching DEC and direction-field design through focused interactive browser assignments.

FOR STUDENT REPORTS

Cite the method you actually use.

This page is an orientation map. Follow the project or DOI link for the authors’ preferred BibTeX and version of record, and distinguish an inspiration from an implemented method.